Discovery of ( E)- N1-(3-Fluorophenyl)- N3-(3-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)vinyl)-1 H-indazol-6-yl)malonamide (CHMFL-KIT-033) as a Novel c-KIT T670I Mutant Selective Kinase Inhibitor for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs)

J Med Chem. 2019 May 23;62(10):5006-5024. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00176. Epub 2019 May 14.

Abstract

Gain-of-function mutations of c-KIT kinase play crucial pathological roles for the gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Despite the success of imatinib as the first-line treatment of GISTs, dozens of drug-acquired resistant mutations emerge, and c-KIT T670I is one of the most common mutants among them. Although several kinase inhibitors are capable of overcoming the T670I mutant, none of them can achieve the selectivity over the c-KIT wild-type (wt), which also plays important roles in a variety of physiological functions such as hematopoiesis. Starting from axitinib, through fragment hybrid type II kinase inhibitor design approach, we have discovered a novel inhibitor 24, which not only exhibits potent activity to c-KIT T670I mutant but also achieves 12-fold selectivity over c-KIT wt. Compound 24 displays good antiproliferative effects against c-KIT T670I mutant-driven GIST cell lines (GIST-T1/T670I and GIST-5R) and also exhibits suitable in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles as well as dose-dependent antitumor efficacy. This study provides a proof of concept for developing a c-KIT mutant selective inhibitor that theoretically can render a better therapeutic window.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Drug Design
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Indazoles / chemical synthesis
  • Indazoles / pharmacokinetics
  • Indazoles / pharmacology*
  • Mice
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Mutation
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / chemical synthesis*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / genetics*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Indazoles
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit